Operating System as Extended machine and Resource manager

Operating system is software that runs in kernel mode even that is not always true. Part of the problem is that operating system perform two essential unrelated function. We can say that operating system is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provide common services for computer program.

The Operating System as an Extended machine

The architecture of most computers at the machine language level is not developed and difficult to program, especially for input/output. To make this point more concrete, consider modern SATA hard disks used on most computers. Only the insane the programmer would try to mess with hard disks at the hardware level. Therefore disk driver - a piece of software deals with hardware and provide interface to read and write disks blocks. Operating System contain many drivers for control input/output device. Macintosh hardware are complicated. Real processors, memories, disks, and other devices are very complicated and its interface are idiosyncratic and inconsistent. One of the task of operating system is to hide the hardware and present the software with nice, clean and elegant way.

The Operating System as an Resource manager

Basically operating system is there to manage all the pieces of complex system. Modern operating system allow multiple program to be in memory and run at the same time. When the computer has more then one user, the need for managing and protecting the memory, I/O devices and other resources is even more. The primary tasks of the operating system is to keep track which software is using which resources, to grant users request and account for usage. Resources manager tasks include multiplexing resources in two different ways: time and space.

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